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{"id":1044,"date":"2013-06-16T18:04:02","date_gmt":"2013-06-16T18:04:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/commons.cc\/antropi\/?p=1044"},"modified":"2013-06-16T18:04:02","modified_gmt":"2013-06-16T18:04:02","slug":"suprema-corte-dos-eua-proibe-patente-de-genes-humanos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/commons.cc\/antropi\/2013\/06\/16\/suprema-corte-dos-eua-proibe-patente-de-genes-humanos\/","title":{"rendered":"Suprema Corte dos EUA pro\u00edbe patente de genes humanos"},"content":{"rendered":"Em decis\u00e3o un\u00e2nime emitida nesta quinta-feira, 13, a Suprema Corte dos Estados Unidos determinou que \u201csegmentos de DNA que ocorrem na natureza\u201d n\u00e3o podem ser patenteados. A decis\u00e3o p\u00f5e fim \u00e0 disputa jur\u00eddica em torno da patente dos genes BRCA1 e BRCA2, implicados no c\u00e2ncer de mama. O patenteamento era reivindicado pela empresa Myriad, a primeira a isolar esses genes.<\/p>\n
A decis\u00e3o da Corte, redigida pelo juiz Clarence Thomas e recheada de jarg\u00e3o qu\u00edmico e biol\u00f3gico, diz que \u201c\u00e9 ineg\u00e1vel que a Myriad n\u00e3o criou e nem alterou nenhuma parte da informa\u00e7\u00e3o gen\u00e9tica codificada nos genes BRCA1 e BRCA2. A localiza\u00e7\u00e3o e a ordem dos nucleot\u00eddeos existiam na natureza antes que a Myriad as encontrasse\u201d. Por conta disso, os genes s\u00e3o \u201cprodutos da natureza\u201d, sobre os quais n\u00e3o cabe patente.<\/p>\n
Os ju\u00edzes ponderaram que a manuten\u00e7\u00e3o do direito de patente daria \u00e0 empresa \u201co direito exclusivo de isolar os genes BRCA1 e BRCA2 de um indiv\u00edduo por meio da quebra das liga\u00e7\u00f5es covalentes que conectam o DNA ao restante do genoma\u201d.<\/p>\n
A decis\u00e3o da Suprema Corte deixa claro, no entanto, que outros tipos de patente envolvendo genes humanos podem ser, ou j\u00e1 efetivamente s\u00e3o, cab\u00edveis: patentes de novos m\u00e9todos de manipula\u00e7\u00e3o gen\u00e9tica; patentes de novas aplica\u00e7\u00f5es do conhecimento sobre genes; e patentes de genes modificados.<\/p>\n
\u201cN\u00e3o consideramos a patenteabilidade do DNA em que a ordem dos nucleot\u00eddeos que ocorrem naturalmente tenha sido alterada. A altera\u00e7\u00e3o cient\u00edfica do c\u00f3digo gen\u00e9tico representa uma investiga\u00e7\u00e3o diversa, e n\u00e3o opinamos sobre isso\u201d no presente caso, escreveu o juiz Thomas.<\/p>\n
A Suprema Corte manteve v\u00e1lida, no entanto, a patente da Myriad sobre o chamado DNA complementar, ou cDNA, produzido a partir dos genes BRCA1 e BRCA2. O cDNA \u00e9 sintetizado com o uso de RNA mensageiro, e usado em biotecnologia para fazer a clonagem de genes.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Fonte: Unicamp<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Em decis\u00e3o un\u00e2nime emitida nesta quinta-feira, 13, a Suprema Corte dos Estados Unidos determinou que \u201csegmentos de DNA que ocorrem na natureza\u201d n\u00e3o podem ser patenteados. A decis\u00e3o p\u00f5e fim \u00e0 disputa jur\u00eddica em torno da patente dos genes BRCA1 e BRCA2, implicados no c\u00e2ncer de mama. O patenteamento era reivindicado pela empresa Myriad, a … <\/p>\n
Continue reading “Suprema Corte dos EUA pro\u00edbe patente de genes humanos”<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1027,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/commons.cc\/antropi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1044"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/commons.cc\/antropi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/commons.cc\/antropi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/commons.cc\/antropi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/commons.cc\/antropi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1044"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/commons.cc\/antropi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1044\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1045,"href":"http:\/\/commons.cc\/antropi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1044\/revisions\/1045"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/commons.cc\/antropi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1027"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/commons.cc\/antropi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1044"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/commons.cc\/antropi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1044"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/commons.cc\/antropi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1044"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}